An Overview of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
نویسندگان
چکیده
Urolithiasis is a worldwide problem in the general population, due to its high prevalence and frequency of recurrence. Since the first successful stone extraction through a nephrostomy in 1976, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has become the preferred procedure especially for treatment of large, complex staghorn calculi. Of the minimally invasive treatment strategies, the PCNL procedure is simply based on the creation of a proper percutaneous renal access, through the most appropriate part of the kidney, dilation of this tract, and fragmentation. Most of these complications are related to tract formation and size. During the development of the PCNL technique, the different terminology emerged, mainly according to the tract size such as standard, micro-PCNL, mini-PCNL, and ultra-mini-PCNL. The aim of this study is an overview of the PCNL, including the history, training, procedure and type of PCNL, and possible complications.
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متن کاملAnalgesic Efficacy of Nephrostomy Tract inFiltration of Bupivacaine and Ketamine after Tubeless Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Prospective Randomized Trial
Objectives:The aim of the present study was to assess the analgesic efficacy of IV ketamine injection inaddition to nephrostomy tract infiltration of ketamine – bupivacaine on postoperative pain relief after tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Patients and Methods: Patients (n = 100), with renal stone who were candidates for PCNL were randomized to five groups with 20 cases in each: G...
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تاریخ انتشار 2015